Assessment of Tree Productivity and Carbon sequestration of Sal Forests of Kumaun Region, Central Himalaya, India
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Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the various aspects of productivity and carbon in sal forests growing in Kumaun region. Sites were located in Sharda Forest range of Tanakpur in district Champawat of Uttarakhand. Sal forests of the region were categorized in three forest types i.e. Sal dense forest, Sal moderate forest & Sal open forest based on canopy densities. The vegetation composition of species was done by randomly placing 30 quadrats in each site. In sal dense forest, soil moisture, mass density, soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) across all the soil depths ranged from 10.4-32.0%, 0.4-0.5 gm/cm3, 5.0-5.3 & 0.8-2.2% respectively. The soil moisture, soil bulk density, soil pH and SOC were 14.8-16.3%, 0.5-0.7gm/cm3, 4.7-5.1 and 1.6-1.7% across the soil depths in sal moderate forest while in sal open forest, the soil moisture, bulk density, soil pH and SOC was 23.4-29.5%; 0.7-1.4 gm/cm3; 4.7-5.1 and 0.6-1.2%, respectively. The C:N ratio varied between 4.6 to 7.7 across all three soil depths (0-30 cm). The Pearson correlation coefficient between different physical properties of soil significantly varied at 0.01 and 0.05 % significant level. The productivity of sal forests was 5.0, 11.0 and 17.5 t ha-1 yr-1 while carbon sequestration was 2.4, 5.2 and 8.3 t C ha-1 yr-1 in open, sal moderate and sal dense forest respectively. Sal dense forest had maximum productivity and carbon sequestration.Correlation revealed that the density, NPP, carbon sequestration varied significantly with forest sites. NPP of the forests positively correlated with carbon sequestration (p <0.05). In sal forest, density and canopy of trees were the major parameters for higher productivity and carbon sequestration. Therefore, conservation and management of sal trees are very imperative for improving the productivity and carbon accumulation in context of moderate and open sal forests for their sustainable management in the region.
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