Eco-sustainability with Plant Based Natural Fibers

Abstract

Fabrics and fibers have long been a crucial component of all human endeavors. Research indicates that the output of chemical and synthetic fibers increased by approximately 23.94 million metric tonnes to 105.6 million metric tonnes between 1975 and 2018. With the rise in demand for fabrics, issues about the environmental effects of fiber manufacturing and the ensuing disposal processes have also gained prominence. Many recent studies have demonstrated that the textile industry is a threat to the atmosphere and freshwater micro-system because it uses a lot of toxic and hazardous chemicals during the production process and releases pollutants across the lifecycle of a textile product. High energy use, difficult transportation, and unnecessary packing materials all contribute to other types of contamination. Finally, the issue of disposing of big solid volumes has emerged due to the enormous waste output. According to Polymers 2021, the textile sector is responsible for 20% of global pollution. Therefore, sustainable, biodegradable, and superior natural fibers are in great demand. Cotton, jute, and bamboo are some natural fibers that have been in use for ages. This paper reviews plantbased uncommon sources of natural fibers, their manufacturing process, and their applications. Like lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) stems are used for extraction of lotus silk, which can be woven into fabric. Banana fiber is a natural absorbent fiber that can be used to make safe, sanitary napkins. There is no negative effect on the environment and it is considered eco-friendly. Fibers from pineapple leaves is used in making thread for textile fabrics for various purposes, such as sports items, automobiles, baggage, mats, and carpets. Agave americana is used to extract pita fibers, which are strong, biodegradable, and eco-friendly. While vegan leathers are lacking in breathability; cactus leather, a bio-based substance, excels in this regard. With several other sources reported, this paper will give an insightful view of ecofriendly clothing, which is a boon to the fashion industry.