Insights into the Air Quality Indices and its Linkage with Diwali Festival Celebrations in Delhi, India in November 2023: A Case Study

Abstract

Air pollution, especially during the winter months, is a cause of concern in the capital city of Delhi and adjacent areas. Particulate matter (PM10, PM5.0, and PM2.5) generated from various sources has been implicated in poor air quality and adverse impacts on human health. In the present study, the status of air pollution in Delhi in November 2023 was assessed. Diwali was celebrated on 12th November 2023. The air quality indices (particulate matter) data was retrieved from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) website pre-Diwali and post-Diwali to comprehend the trends. During Diwali, an increase in PM10 in 2023 compared to the year 2022 was noted. A 42% reduction of PM10 was noticed in 2023 compared to the average concentration in 2021. However, a 45% overall increase of PM2.5 was observed compared to 2022. The air quality two days prior to Diwali was poor. Though the Government has taken many steps and various awareness campaigns have been launched, people have not stopped bursting crackers in Delhi. However, to mitigate the pollution levels, certain other initiatives such as community festivities and traditional celebration methods, should be incentivized and propagated