A Comprehensive Review on Phytochemical Profile of Acacia auriculiformis

Abstract

Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex Benth is a globally distributed perennial shrub known for its wide-ranging medicinal properties and therapeutic uses, with a low toxicity profile. Traditionally, it has been used to treat conditions such as rashes, rheumatism, allergies, eye irritation, and pain. Its pharmacological activities include strong antimicrobial and antioxidant effects, which help combat infections and reduce oxidative stress. The plant has shown promising antimalarial and anti-filarial activities, making it useful for treating parasitic diseases like malaria and lymphatic filariasis. Additionally, A. auriculiformis exhibits cytocidal and antimutagenic properties, suggesting potential for cancer prevention and treatment. It also has spermicidal, wound healing, and hepatoprotective effects, further broadening its therapeutic applications. Of particular interest is its antidiabetic activity, demonstrating potential in managing blood sugar levels and improving insulin sensitivity. These pharmacological effects are attributed to the plant’s bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and tannins. This review highlights the plant’s phytochemical composition, pharmacogenetic factors, and its broad spectrum of therapeutic activities, making A. auriculiformis a valuable resource for both traditional and modern medicine. Ongoing research is expected to further explore its potential for treating a variety of health conditions.