A Comprehensive Review of Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides) - Chemical Composition, Biological Properties, Cultivation, and Applications

Abstract

Vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides, formerly Vetiveria zizanioides) has gained attention for its wide therapeutic and industrial applications. The essential oil from its roots possesses various bioactive properties, notably antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. Its chemical composition includes compounds such as khusimol, vetiverol, and vetiverone, which contribute to both aroma and therapeutic properties. This review synthesizes existing knowledge on vetiver’s chemical composition, cultivation, pharmacological properties, and environmental benefits, underscoring its role in traditional medicine and modern industry.